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| ORIGINAL RESEARCH |
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| Year : 2022 |
Volume
: 33 | Issue : 3 | Page
: 282-286 |
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Immunohistochemical evaluation of galectin-3 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia and normal mucosa
Freeda M Selvaraj, Anna P Joseph, BR Varun, Vinod Mony, TT Siva Kumar
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Freeda M Selvaraj
PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Vattapara, Trivandrum - 695 028, Kerala
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_157_22
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Background: Galectin 3 (Gal-3) has diverse functions critical in cancer biology including cell proliferation, apoptosis, evasion of immune responses and angiogenesis. The expression of Gal-3 is heterogeneous in normal and neoplastic tissues. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral leukoplakia (OL), both increased and decreased expressions of Gal-3 were elicited in numerous studies. Aims: To evaluate, compare and correlate the immunohistochemical expression of Gal-3 in OSCC, OL and normal oral mucosa. Settings and Design: The study was conducted at the Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology at PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Vattapara, Thiruvananthapuram. This is a retrospective analytical study. Methods and Material: Clinically diagnosed and histopathologically confirmed cases of OSCC (n = 21), OL (n = 21), and normal oral mucosa (n = 21) were included in the study. Paraffin-embedded tissues were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for Gal-3 expression. Gal-3 staining expression, staining distribution and cellular localisation were evaluated. All sampled categories were compared using immunohistochemical scoring analysis such as the H-score, labelling index (LI), immunoreactive score (IRS) and staining intensity (SI). Statistical Analysis: The results were statistically analysed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) within and among the groups. Results and Conclusion: The statistical inferences obtained found that the H-score could be used as a guideline for better differentiation between the groups and among the groups. The P value obtained was < 0.0125 and was found to be significant. The observation in our study shows that the immunohistochemical expression of Gal-3 gradually decreased from normal oral mucosa to OL to OSCC.
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