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| Year : 2023 | Volume
: 34
| Issue : 1 | Page : 1 |
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| Risks and Benefits of Artificial Intelligence for Peer-review |
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SM Balaji
Executive Editor, Indian Journal of Dental Research, Director and Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Balaji Dental and Craniofacial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Click here for correspondence address and email
| Date of Submission | 24-May-2023 |
| Date of Acceptance | 27-May-2023 |
| Date of Web Publication | 05-Jul-2023 |
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How to cite this article:
Balaji S M. Risks and Benefits of Artificial Intelligence for Peer-review. Indian J Dent Res 2023;34:1 |
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool with the potential to revolutionize various domains, including dental research. However, as dental journal editor-reviewer-end users, it is essential to understand the implications of AI, particularly of the generative AI genre on peer-reviewing processes. This is to ensure the integrity and quality of published research. Generally, AI is claimed to significantly improve the efficiency of the peer-reviewing process for dental research journals. Automated screening systems powered by AI algorithms can analyse abstracts and key sections of research papers, aiding in the initial screening process. This can help identify relevant papers for further review, saving time and effort for peer reviewers and editors.[1],[2]
AI models can be inherently trained to analyse large dental datasets, extract meaningful insights, and identify patterns that may not be easily noticeable to human reviewers. This can provide valuable support to peer reviewers by assisting in the analysis of complex data. AI algorithms can also help visualize data, facilitating the presentation and understanding of research findings.[3],[4]
On the contrary, AI use by reviewers also raises important ethical considerations for dental research peer reviewing. AI models may lack contextual understanding and the ability to apply subjective judgment, which is crucial in assessing the scientific rigor and validity of the research. Human expertise and judgement remain indispensable for evaluating the significance, methodology, and interpretation of dental research findings. To combat this, specific AI systems should be developed and trained using diverse and representative datasets to mitigate biases. Journal editors and peer reviewers must critically assess the outputs generated by AI algorithms and consider the limitations and potential biases introduced by these models.[5],[6],[7],[8]
Generative AI holds promise for enhancing dental research peer reviewing by improving efficiency, data analysis, and visualization. However, journal editors and peer reviewers must be mindful of the ethical considerations, limitations, and potential biases associated with AI-generated content. Combining the strengths of generative AI with human expertise can lead to more robust and reliable dental research publications, which can benefit mankind.
 References | |  |
| 1. | Chen YW, Stanley K, Att W. Artificial intelligence in dentistry: Current applications and future perspectives. Quintessence Int 2020;51:248-57.  |
| 2. | Khanagar SB, Al-Ehaideb A, Maganur PC, Vishwanathaiah S, Patil S, Baeshen HA, et al. Developments, application, and performance of artificial intelligence in dentistry–A systematic review. J Dent Sci 2021;16:508-22. |
| 3. | Jain P, Wynne C. Artificial intelligence and big data in dentistry. In book: Digitization in Dentistry: Clinical Applications. 2021. p. 1-28. |
| 4. | Mohammad-Rahimi H, Motamedian SR, Rohban MH, Krois J, Uribe SE, Mahmoudinia E, et al. Deep learning for caries detection: A systematic review. J Dent 2022;122:104115. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent. 2022.104115. |
| 5. | Carrillo-Perez F, Pecho OE, Morales JC, Paravina RD, Della Bona A, Ghinea R, et al. Applications of artificial intelligence in dentistry: A comprehensive review. J Esthet Restor Dent 2022;34:259-80. |
| 6. | Patcas R, Bornstein MM, Schätzle MA, Timofte R. Artificial intelligence in medico-dental diagnostics of the face: A narrative review of opportunities and challenges. Clin Oral Investig 2022;26:6871-9. |
| 7. | Mörch CM, Atsu S, Cai W, Li X, Madathil SA, Liu X, et al. Artificial intelligence and ethics in dentistry: A scoping review. J Dent Res 2021;100:1452-60. |
| 8. | Donker T. The dangers of using large language models for peer review. Lancet Infect Dis 2023. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00290-6. |
Correspondence Address:
S M Balaji
Executive Editor, Indian Journal of Dental Research, Director and Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Balaji Dental and Craniofacial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_466_23
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